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Ntawv Taw Qhia
Laser welding nyob rau hauv qhov sib sib zog nqus- hom kev nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab yog ib qho kev cog lus hlau koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub no; Txawm li cas los xij, nws daim ntawv thov feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm porosity tsis xws luag. Muab hais tias qhov pore tsim muaj feem ntau nonlinear thiab multi-coupled txheej txheem lub cev-thiab yog ib qho nyuaj rau saib xyuas * nyob rau hauv situ* nyob rau hauv opaque hlau- raug kwv yees qhov porosity tsis xws luag thiab lawv cov hauv paus txheej txheem mechanisms tseem yog ib qho nyuaj heev. Cov kev tshawb fawb parametric ib txwm siv thiab cov qauv kev kawm tshuab ua raws li cov qauv vuam tsis raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txwv txog kev muaj peev xwm dav dav, qhov tseeb hauv kev kwv yees sib sib zog nqus- qhov pores, thiab kev txhais lus. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb no, txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no nthuav tawm lub Physics tshiab-Informed Deep Learning (PIDL) lub moj khaum. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua qauv ntawm kev siv tshuab nrog kev sim cov ntaub ntawv, lub moj khaum no yog lub hom phiaj txhawm rau kwv yees qhov porosity npaum li cas thaum lub laser vuam ntawm aluminium alloys thiab elucidate lub hauv paus lub cev ua rau tom qab nws tsim.
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**Study Overview**
Txoj kev tshawb no hais txog qhov teeb meem ntawm porosity hauv laser vuam-ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm cov phenomena nyuaj xws li keyhole instability, melt pool dynamics, thiab solidification-los ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem kev kwv yees tshiab uas sib koom ua ke multiphysics cov lej simulation nrog kev kawm tob. Cov kev tshawb fawb pib los ntawm kev siv ib qho kev sim ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv multiphysics kom rho tawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog keyhole stability, yaj pas dej geometry, kua hlau ntws, thiab cov yam ntxwv thermal. Raws li lub hauv paus no, tus qauv PIDL tau tsim; piv rau cov qauv kev kawm sib sib zog nqus uas tau kawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis tau, cov qauv no tau ua tiav 41% txo qis hauv qhov yuam kev me me squared (MSE). Txhawm rau txhim kho tus qauv kev txhais lus, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev mus rau qhov tsis muaj qhov sib txawv nrog lub cev qhov tseem ceeb (xws li, qhov sib piv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, tus lej Stokes, thiab lwm yam). Thaum kawg, leveraging SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) tsom xam, txoj kev tshawb no quantitatively nthuav tawm - thawj zaug - qhov tseem ceeb hierarchical ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub cev hauv cov txheej txheem tsim porosity. Cov kev tshawb pom txheeb xyuas qhov sib piv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov kev khiav hauj lwm uas tau tsav los ntawm cov dej ntws los ntawm cov dej ntws los ntawm ob qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim cov porosity, yog li muab cov lus qhia meej rau cov txheej txheem optimization.
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Kev tsom xam pom
Daim duab 1 qhia txog cov duab pore faib cov duab uas tau txais nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev sib txuas, tom qab ua tiav ntawm X-ray tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab cov duab lees paub algorithms. Daim duab qhia tau hais tias raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov vuam tsis sib txawv, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tshwm sim hauv qhov ntau, qhov loj, thiab kev faib tawm ntawm qhov pores nyob rau hauv weld seam; cov ntaub ntawv porosity no ua cov ntawv sau rau kev cob qhia tom ntej ntawm cov qauv kev kawm tob.
Daim duab 2 nthuav qhia ib daim duab schematic ntawm tus qauv multiphysics tus lej ua haujlwm hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Los ntawm kev daws qhov kev sib npaug ntawm kev txuag rau huab hwm coj, lub zog, thiab lub zog-thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm txoj kab hluav taws xob-tracing algorithm- tus qauv no suav nrog ntau qhov kev xav thiab lub zog nqus ntawm lub teeb laser hauv lub qhov tseem ceeb. Daim duab 2(a) qhia txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub laser beam rau hauv ntau sub-rays, txhua tus nqa ib lub zog tshwj xeeb; Daim duab 2(b) geometrically depicts lub duav ntawm lub duav ntawm lub laser; thiab Daim duab 2(c) pom kev ua rau cov txheej txheem nyuaj ntawm ntau qhov kev xav tau dhau los ntawm laser sub{10}}rays hauv lub qhov tseem ceeb. Cov qauv no muab peb-qhov ntev, cov ntaub ntawv ncua sij hawm txog keyhole morphology thiab melt pool flow fields-cov ntaub ntawv uas nyuaj kom tau txais kev sim-yog li ua kom muaj cov tswv yim tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho ntawm PIDL qauv.
Daim duab 3 nthuav qhia cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov qauv multiphysics, sib piv cov kev ntsuas ntsuas nrog cov qauv kev kwv yees rau lub pas dej tob tob (Daim duab . 3(a)) thiab yaj pas dej ntev (Daim duab . 3(b)) nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsis zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom muaj kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv kev kwv yees thiab cov ntaub ntawv sim; tshwj xeeb, qhov txheeb ze yuam kev rau kev kwv yees qhov tob ntawm lub pas dej ua ke poob nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm -6.3% mus rau 20.9%, thaum qhov kev ua yuam kev rau lub pas dej ua ke ntev kwv yees li ntawm -16.9% mus rau 20.4%. Cov txiaj ntsig kev lees paub no tau lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm cov qauv tsim multiphysics, ua kom pom nws lub peev xwm los muab cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm lub cev muaj zog rau cov qauv kev kawm sib sib zog nqus.
