Fiber Laser Kev Lag Luam Pib Hauv Kev Ua Lag Luam Soviet Union Hauv Tebchaws Suav
Nyob rau hauv 1960, Mehman ntawm Hughes Laboratory nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States ua lub ntiaj teb thawj laser, siv cov tshuab muaj zog ntau lub zog los tsim cov rubies. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog kom muaj "kabmob kho qhov muag". Qhov loj ntawm lub teeb uas dhau los ntawm cov siv lead ua nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm yog tsis dhau siab, tab sis yog tias ob hnub sib txuas nrog tsom iav, thiab ces zoomed rau hauv thiab tawm, nws yuav amazing. Ib daim iav yog plated tsawg tsawg ntawm cov nyiaj thiab ib feem ntawm lub teeb txia tawm. Nws yog ib qho kev laser ib txwm paub. Xiao Luo txoj kev koom ua yog los ua kom paub cov tswv yim ntawm tus neeg tshawb xyuas kev kho qhov muag no rau hauv qhov kev lag luam ntawm lasers. Hauv lub zos tau 1964 Nobel Prize hauv Physics, thiab Xiao Luo yeej qhov Nobel Prize hauv Physics hauv xyoo 1981. Tej zaum nws yuav yog tus naj npawb tsis txaus hauv 1964.
Xyoo 1964, vim tias lub laser thiab Towns yeej qhov Nobel nqi zog, nkawd ob Soviet physicists, Nikola Basov thiab Alexander Prokhorov. Tus kws tshawb fawb hauv Soviet yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau xyoo ntawd, thiab lub semiconductor laser npaj tau los ntawm Basov tsim ib txoj hauv kev tom ntej: laser fiber ntau.
Zoo li pab pawg ntawm Basov, Prokhorov thiab Towns, nyob rau xyoo 1955, ib "Maser", ib qho ammonia molecular beam microwave exciter, yug, thiab ces tus laser yog lawm xav txog. Bassoff qhov kev pab yog tias nws luam tawm tsab ntawv hauv xyoo 1958 uas npaj lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv cov semiconductors los ua lasers (qhov kev xav ntawm "tus lej xov tooj qhov hloov" nyob rau hauv semiconductors). Hauv xyoo 1961, "kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv" PN tua tau raug luam tawm. Tsab xov xwm, thiab hauv xyoo 1963, tsim ib lub PN hlauv taws xob laser (Asmeskas ua ntej ua nws raws li nws cov hau kev hais).
Cov khoom lag luam ntawm semiconductor tsis yog cov npe nrov li ruby lasers tshwm nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv kawm, tab sis cov kws qhia kom meej meej to taub qhov theoretical significance ntawm semiconductor lasers, thiab lub peev xwm tseem ntau dua, yog li peb-matched Nobel Prize muab rau ob US Soviets.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj ntau heev: cov electrons ncaj qha ua photons, kev hloov kho electro-optical efficiency txog li 50%, ntau dua lwm hom lasers; kev pab cuam lub neej muaj ntau tshaj 100,000 teev, ntau tshaj li lwm hom; semiconductor tuaj yeem hloov cov qhov tso tawm Lwm yam hom tsis tuaj yeem ua; me me me, lub cev nyhav, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab. Semiconductors yog pheej yig dua cov ntaub ntawv xws li rubies.
Qhov tseeb, nws yuav tsis yooj yim rau kev to taub qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom cua semiconductor. Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov neeg yuav tsis xyuam xim rau lawv, LED (lub teeb-emitting diode) teeb tau pom los ntawm txhua tus neeg. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm LED illumination yog tias thaum muaj tus neeg tuaj yeem ua hauj lwm hauv PN, lub zog tshaj tawm tawm los ntawm lub teeb, thiab tam sim no ncaj qha mus hloov rau hauv lub teeb, tsis txhob hlawv lub ntsiab lus zoo li cov roj teeb. Yog li, LED teeb muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov teeb pom kev qhov muag, xws li ntau yam xim, kev siv lub teeb ntawm lub teeb, lub neej ntev, thiab luv nqi, uas zoo ib yam li cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tau hais los saum toj no. Lub laser semiconductor yuav to taub raws li txoj cai ntawm LED illumination, ntxiv rau cov nyhuv ntawm kev kho kabmob ntawm cov kabmob kho qhov muag, thiab cov resonator no tsis tas yuav tsim tshiab, thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv lub semiconductor.
Lub laser yog ib lub tshuab tsis tshua zoo uas tau muaj tam sim no thiab cov tswv yim. Nws tau siv thaum xyoo 1961 rau kev phais. Vim tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub laser yog dhau lawm, lub taub hau ntawm txhua cov photons yog zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev, lub zog ua rau ib qho taw qhia, uas yog ib lab npaug ntau tshaj lub hnub. Coj ib lub laser nrog lub hwj chim loj ntawm ib yam dab tsi, thiab txiav nws rau kev ua. Txiav, ntsuas, ntsuas, kos ntau hom kev siv, kev sib txuas lus, kev ua haujlwm, kev kho mob, kev zoo nkauj thiab lwm yam lag luam, ntxiv mus hloov cov txheej txheem.
