TOKYO - Cuaj hlis 17, 2025 -NTT, Inc. (Lub Hauv Paus: Chiyoda, Tokyo; Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab CEO: Akira Shimada; hereinafter "NTT") thiab Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (Lub Tsev Haujlwm: Chiyoda, Tokyo; Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab CEO: Eisaku Ito; hereinafter "MHI") tau ua ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob wireless txuas mus rau 1 kilometer kis tau tus mob. Los ntawm irradiating laser beam nrog lub hwj chim kho qhov muag ntawm 1 kW, peb ua tiav tau txais 152 W ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob 1 km deb. Qhov no ua rau lub ntiaj teb ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev xa xov hluav taws xob kho qhov muag siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob silicon photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab (Note2) nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj huab cua turbulence.
Qhov txiaj ntsig no qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm xa hluav taws xob mus rau qhov chaw nyob deb. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws yuav tsum tau siv rau ntawm -thov xa hluav taws xob xa mus rau tej thaj chaw deb Islands tuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj- thaj chaw raug mob uas tsis tuaj yeem txuas hluav taws xob.
Qhov kev ua tiav no tau luam tawm hauv British magazine Electronics Letters thaum Lub Yim Hli 5, 2025.
Keeb kwm
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, wireless xa hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis rau cov khoom siv xws li smartphones, cov cuab yeej hnav, drones, thiab tsheb fais fab, uas tuaj yeem muab hluav taws xob yam tsis siv cables, tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau ntxiv. Muaj ob hom kev xa xov hluav taws xob wireless: ib qho siv microwaves thiab lwm yam siv laser beams. Microwave wireless fais fab kis tau tus mob twb nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim siv thiab nws siv yog expanding. Ntawm qhov tod tes, optical wireless fais fab kis tau tus mob siv laser beam tsis tau muab tso rau hauv cov tswv yim siv, tab sis nws yuav tsum paub compact ntev - deb wireless fais fab kis mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kilometers los ntawm kev noj kom zoo dua ntawm lub siab directivity ntawm laser beam (Daim duab 1).
Cov kev cia siab yav tom ntej xav txog kev txhim kho ntawm - tiam tom ntej infrastructure uas muaj peev xwm muab lub zog thiab nthuav dav kev sib txuas lus hauv cov xwm txheej thiab thaj chaw uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob lossis kev sib txuas lus, xws li thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj, hauv cov kob nyob deb, thaj chaw roob, lossis hauv hiav txwv. Qhov no suav nrog kev xa tawm lub zog ncaj qha rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb lossis txav platform xws li drones. Ua kom tau raws li qhov tseeb thiab ntev -kev xa hluav taws xob nyob deb yuav tsum muaj laser-raws li lub zog xa hluav taws xob uas siv qhov zoo ntawm nws txoj kev muaj zog.
Kev sib tw ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm thiab kev ua tiav ntawm qhov kev sim no
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm optical wireless fais fab kis tshuab feem ntau yog qis, thiab kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm yog qhov teeb meem rau kev siv tswv yim. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj rau qhov no yog tias thaum ntev - laser beam propagates, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, qhov kev siv zog faib ua tsis ncaj, thiab cov efficiency ntawm converting laser beam rau hauv hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab lub sij hawm yuav tsawg.
Hauv qhov kev sim no, peb tau ua ke NTT lub teeb pom kev siv thev naus laus zis nrog MHI lub teeb tau txais thev naus laus zis los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm laser wireless xa hluav taws xob. Peb tau ua qhov ntev -qhov deb ntawm optical wireless fais fab kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sab nraum zoov siv ntev- deb ca beam shaping thev naus laus zis uas tsim cov kab teeb ntawm sab kis tau tus mob kom ua tiav cov kab teeb ci siv zog tom qab 1 kilometer propagation, thiab tso tawm tam sim no leveling thev naus laus zis uas suppresses tus cuam tshuam ntawm atmospheric fluctuations nrog ib homogenizer ntawm sab thiab theem tau txais.
Txij Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj mus txog Lub Ob Hlis 2025, peb tau ua qhov kev sim hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau ntawm txoj kev khiav ntawm Nanki-Tshav Dav Hlau Shirahama hauv Shirahama Town, Nishimuro District, Wakayama Prefecture (Daim duab 2). Lub rooj muag khoom sib kis tau nruab nrog lub tshuab kho qhov muag rau emitting laser beam tau teeb tsa ntawm ib qho kawg ntawm txoj kev khiav, thiab lub rooj txais tos uas muaj lub teeb ci - txais vaj huam sib luag tau muab tso rau 1 mais deb.
Thaum lub sij hawm kis tau tus mob, lub optical axis ntawm lub laser tau teem nyob rau hauv ib tug qis qhov siab ntawm kwv yees li 1meter saum toj no hauv av thiab dlhos horizontally. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub nqaj tau cuam tshuam rau hauv av cua sov thiab cua, thiab qhov kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj zog atmospheric turbulence.
Nyob rau hauv lub rooj zaum kis tau tus mob, ib tug laser beam nrog ib tug optical zog ntawm 1035 W tau tsim. Siv lub diffractive optical element (DOE) (Note3), lub nqaj tau zoo li tus tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 1 km. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib daim iav steering iav tau siv los ua ncaj nraim rau cov nqaj zoo li mus rau lub vaj huam sib luag txais. Lub nqaj tawm los ntawm qhov aperture ntawm lub rooj muag khoom kis tau tus mob thiab nthuav dav thoob plaws 1 mais ntawm qhov chaw qhib, thaum kawg mus txog lub rooj txais tos.
Thaum lub sij hawm propagation, atmospheric turbulence ua rau hloov nyob rau hauv lub beam qhov kev siv, tsim kub chaw. Cov no tau diffused los ntawm ib homogenizer nyob rau hauv lub rooj txais tos, uas ua rau ib tug zoo beam raug irradiated mus rau lub txais vaj huam sib luag. Tom qab ntawd lub laser beam tau zoo hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob fais fab (Daim duab 3). Cov khoom siv silicon-raws li photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab tau txais yuav rau lub vaj huam sib luag txais, suav nrog tus nqi thiab qhov muaj.
Hauv qhov kev sim no, qhov nruab nrab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau muab rho tawm los ntawm kev txais vaj huam sib luag yog 152 W (Daim duab 4), sib raug rau lub zog xa hluav taws xob wireless ntawm 15%, txhais tau tias yog qhov piv ntawm qhov tau txais hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau kev xa hluav taws xob kho qhov muag. Cov txiaj ntsig no tau ua rau lub ntiaj teb lub siab tshaj plaws optical wireless xa hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws uas tau pom los ntawm kev siv silicon-raws li photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm huab cua turbulence. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xa hluav taws xob tas mus li tau ua tiav zoo rau 30 feeb, lees paub qhov ua tau ntawm qhov ntev - lub sijhawm xa hluav taws xob siv lub tshuab no.
Nco tseg: Los ntawm kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb, cov kab hluav taws xob kho qhov muag thiab cov vaj huam sib luag tau txais tau nruab rau hauv lub rooj muag khoom kom tiv thaiv kev raug mob rau siab - lub zog laser beams thiab tawg ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo.
Technical highlights
Ntev -nruab nrab ca beam shaping tshuab
Txhawm rau txhim kho photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev sib faib ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb tau npaj ib txoj kev beam shaping uas ua rau muaj zog sib xws tom qab ntev -kev nthuav dav. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, sab nrauv ntawm lub nqaj yog hloov mus rau hauv lub nplhaib -zoo li tus qauv siv cov nyhuv ntawm lub lens axicon (Note4). Qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub nqaj yog theem- hloov kho kom nthuav dav los ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm lub lens concave. Raws li cov nqaj propagates, lub nplhaib -puab beam thiab nthuav dav hauv nruab nrab beam maj mam sib tshooj, uas ua rau ib tug uniform siv tis ntawm lub hom phiaj qhov chaw, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 5.
Rau qhov kev sim, peb tau kho qhov teeb pom kev zoo kom ua tiav qhov kev xav tau siv qhov profile ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1 km. Lub beam shaping tau siv los siv lub diffractive optical element, uas txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm cov nqaj siv nyob rau ntawm lub hom phiaj txoj hauj lwm nyob deb 1 km.
Output tam sim no leveling tshuab
Raws li lub laser beam propagates los ntawm cov huab cua, nws yog cuam tshuam los ntawm atmospheric turbulence, uas cuam tshuam qhov siv tis. Txawm hais tias lub tiaj tus -beam shaping cov txheej txheem tau piav qhia saum toj no tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov sib zog sib faib, muaj zog turbulence tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov siab - siv qhov chaw, raws li pom hauv daim duab 6.
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, peb tau tso lub beam homogenizer rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub teeb - txais vaj huam sib luag. Lub homogenizer diffuses siab - siv qhov chaw kom cov nqaj sib npaug sib npaug rau ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov theem hluav taws xob tau txuas nrog rau txhua qhov kev hloov pauv photoelectric ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag txais. Cov circuits no pab txo qis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov zis tam sim no los ntawm atmospheric turbulence thiab pab txhawb kom ruaj khov rau tag nrho cov zis hluav taws xob.
Ob lub thev naus laus zis no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov kab teeb sib xws hauv mais - xaj xaim xaim, uas yog qhov nyuaj nrog cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa beam, thiab kom ruaj khov cov khoom tawm hauv qhov chaw sab nraum zoov. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov rau cov chaw nyob deb xws li cov Islands tuaj txawv teb chaws thiab kev puas tsuaj - cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam yuav tsum ua tau.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm txhua lub tuam txhab
NTT: Tsim thiab siv cov kev sib kis ntawm optics xws li beam shaping techniques
MHI: Tsim thiab siv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag xws li photodetector panels, homogenizers, thiab theem circuits
Kev txhim kho yav tom ntej
Cov thev naus laus zis no ua rau muaj kev sib kis tau zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub zog dhau mus ntev txawm tias nyob hauv huab cua turbulence. Hauv qhov kev sim no, silicon tau siv los ua qhov hloov pauv photovoltaic. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic tshwj xeeb tsim kom phim lub wavelength ntawm lub teeb laser, txawm tias lub zog hloov pauv ntau dua tuaj yeem xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv lub teeb ci laser nrog lub zog tso zis ntau dua yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muab hluav taws xob ntau dua.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev xa hluav taws xob hloov tau yooj yim thiab nrawm tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv thaj chaw deb xws li kev puas tsuaj- thaj chaw raug mob thiab cov Islands tuaj nyob deb, qhov chaw teeb tsa hluav taws xob tau ib txwm nyuaj. Tshaj li cov ntawv thov hauv av, ntau yam kev siv tshiab kuj tuaj yeem pom tau raws li cov thev naus laus zis no (Daim duab 7). Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov kev coj ncaj ncees siab thiab tsis sib luag ntawm cov kab teeb ci laser tso cai rau kev tsim cov khoom siv compact thiab lub teeb yuag. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau mobile platforms uas ntsib cov kev txwv nruj hauv qhov hnyav thiab lub peev xwm them nyiaj.
Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev sib txuas cov thev naus laus zis no nrog cov txheej txheem tswj cov nqaj, nws tuaj yeem xa lub zog wirelessly rau cov drones hauv davhlau. Qhov no zam kev txwv tsis pub ua haujlwm xws li tsaws rau kev hloov roj teeb lossis siv cov hlua hluav taws xob sib txuas, ua kom ntev -ntev sijhawm thiab ntev- ncua sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov peev txheej zoo li no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev puas tsuaj- thaj chaw saib xyuas raws li qhov dav - thaj chaw sib txuas lus hauv thaj chaw roob lossis hauv hiav txwv, cov ntawv thov uas yav dhau los nyuaj rau kev paub.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntawv thov muaj peev xwm nyob hauv qhov chaw tau cia siab, suav nrog kev xa hluav taws xob mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes xws li HAPS (High Altitude Platform Chaw Nres Tsheb) (Note5), uas poob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm NTT lub chaw hom, NTT C89 (Note6). Saib ntxiv mus, cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem siv rau lub zog ntawm qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab cov lunar rovers, nrog rau qhov chaw hnub ci lub zog hluav taws xob uas hluav taws xob xa tawm los ntawm geostationary satellites mus rau hauv av ntawm laser. Cov ntawv thov no sawv cev rau thaj chaw uas muaj peev xwm muaj zog rau kev nthuav dav kev lag luam.
Los ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm NTT thiab MHI, peb tau pom lub ntiaj teb zoo tshaj plaws laser wireless fais fab hloov tshuab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam los ntawm huab cua hloov pauv. Qhov kev ua tiav no sawv cev rau ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau kev tsim lub hauv paus tshiab thev naus laus zis uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau hauv zej zog, los ntawm kev teb kev puas tsuaj mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho.
