TPA-QCN muab tso rau ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum los tsim ib txheej ntawm cov molecules uas spontaneously txais yuav ib tug nyiam orientation. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no muab nws nrog qhov thib ob - xaj cov lus teb optical nonlinear, uas txhais tau tias cov kab teeb ci tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thaum hla nws.
"Peb tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo nkauj ua tiav nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib txawv kiag li-organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) rau cov duab," hais tias Kéna-Cohen, tus xibfwb ntawm engineering physics, nrog rau Canada Tshawb Fawb Lub Rooj Zaum hauv Lub Teeb-Qhov Teeb Meem Photonics. "Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias qee cov chav kawm ntawm cov molecules tau hloov kho thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov ntaub ntawv, qhov no ua rau lub buildup ntawm ib tug voltage uas feem ntau ua mob rau cov cuab yeej ua hauj lwm.
Thib ob - xaj cov khoom siv tsis-linear photonic ua ntej
Silicon yog lub platform tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua ke photonics niaj hnub no, tab sis nws tsis zoo rau fabricating modulators thiab amplifiers. "Ib qho khoom siv silicon tsis muaj los ua kom zoo modulators yog cov nyhuv Pockels, uas tso cai rau ncaj qha - tam sim no hluav taws xob teb los cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob teb ntawm optical frequencies-thiab nws yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm ib qho thib ob- xaj cov nyhuv nonlinear optical," piav qhia Kéna-Cohen. "Parametric amplifiers thiab oscillators vam khom thib ob-order nonlinearities. Rau cov hom kev cuam tshuam no, engineers yuav tsum tau siv lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li lithium niobate ib leeg los yog mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem nyuaj ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ob."
Lwm lub tswv yim koom nrog hauv kev tsim qauv thib ob- xaj cov khoom siv tsis yog kab hluav taws xob photonic yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau theem sib piv - theem nrawm ntawm cov teeb pom kev sib cuam tshuam yuav tsum sib phim kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam. "Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov tseeb tias tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev sib cais tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov no, yog li cov tswv yim ntse yuav tsum tau siv rau theem sib piv. Hauv lithium niobate, ib txoj hauv kev yog siv cov electrodes raws li kev nthuav tawm kev taw qhia kom tig qhov chaw taw qhia -aka hluav taws xob teb poling."
Qhov zoo: Muab tso rau ntawm -chip ncaj qha, birefringence
Pab neeg txoj kev mus kom ze coj ob qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. "Ua ntej, peb cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias nyias tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha mus rau txhua lub nti los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem qhuav txheej txheem-tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev sib tsoo lossis hloov pauv," Kéna hais tias -Cohen.
Qhov thib ob, lawv cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia txog qhov muaj zog heev birefringence piv rau feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv photonic. "Qhov birefringence no muaj zog heev uas nws tso cai rau peb mus rau theem sib tw 'dawb' yog tias peb siv kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov hom polarized sib txawv, vim tias qhov sib txawv polarizations yuav pom qhov sib txawv refractive indices," nws hais. "Nws txhais tau tias peb tuaj yeem tsim cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau kev sib tw lossis yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv nyuaj dua."
Lawv siv lawv txoj hauv kev los ua kom pom qhov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm qhov thib ob - xaj cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws: Thib ob- kev sib haum xeeb tiam, aka zaus ob npaug. Yuav ua li cas, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib lub waveguide uas hloov mus tas li -wave telecom light kom pom lub teeb (saib daim duab hauv qab).
Lwm lub tswv yim koom nrog hauv kev tsim qauv thib ob- xaj cov khoom siv tsis yog kab hluav taws xob photonic yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau theem sib piv - theem nrawm ntawm cov teeb pom kev sib cuam tshuam yuav tsum sib phim kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam. "Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov tseeb tias tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev sib cais tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov no, yog li cov tswv yim ntse yuav tsum tau siv rau theem sib piv. Hauv lithium niobate, ib txoj hauv kev yog siv cov electrodes raws li kev nthuav tawm kev taw qhia kom tig qhov chaw taw qhia -aka hluav taws xob teb poling."
Qhov zoo: Muab tso rau ntawm -chip ncaj qha, birefringence
Pab neeg txoj kev mus kom ze coj ob qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. "Ua ntej, peb cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias nyias tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha mus rau txhua lub nti los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem qhuav txheej txheem-tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev sib tsoo lossis hloov pauv," Kéna hais tias -Cohen.
Qhov thib ob, lawv cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia txog qhov muaj zog heev birefringence piv rau feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv photonic. "Qhov birefringence no muaj zog heev uas nws tso cai rau peb mus rau theem sib tw 'dawb' yog tias peb siv kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov hom polarized sib txawv, vim tias qhov sib txawv polarizations yuav pom qhov sib txawv refractive indices," nws hais. "Nws txhais tau tias peb tuaj yeem tsim cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau kev sib tw lossis yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv nyuaj dua."
Lawv siv lawv txoj hauv kev los ua kom pom qhov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm qhov thib ob - xaj cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws: Thib ob- kev sib haum xeeb tiam, aka zaus ob npaug. Yuav ua li cas, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib lub waveguide uas hloov mus tas li -wave telecom light kom pom lub teeb (saib daim duab hauv qab).
