01 Daim Ntawv Qhia
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev saib xyuas me ntsis ntawm cov laj thawj vim li cas cov hlau sib nrug hauv laser-arc hybrid vuam ua rau vuam tsis xws luag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov phaj tuab, qhov tsis ruaj tsis khov ntawm cov phaj tuab yog ntau dua thiab cov vuam tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim ntau dua. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab ntxiv txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov xaim sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov phaj tuab hybrid vuam, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau siv siab - nrawm, siab - fais fab hlau - laser hybrid vuam rau vuam 12 hli tuab AH36 marine steel daim hlau. Lub koob yees duab siab -ceev ceev tau siv los soj ntsuam cov dej xau thiab cov pas dej molten, thiab cov lej simulations tau ua haujlwm los kawm txog tus cwj pwm tshwj xeeb ntawm lub pas dej molten. Qhov no qhia meej txog cov txheej txheem uas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xaim cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov hlau tsis zoo hauv cov hlau{10}}laser hybrid vuam.
02 Paper Overview:
Laser-Arc Hybrid Vuam (LAHW), raws li txoj kev sib koom ua ke dav dav, tau nyiam cov xim zoo nkauj hauv cov phaj tuab ntawm cov nkoj tsim. Raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev sib txuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv laser- arc hybrid vuam, qhov sib nrug ntawm lub laser beam thiab arc tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev sib txuas ntawm lub laser thiab arc, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv siab - lub zog laser thiab siab - ceev vuam tej yam kev mob. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb nrhiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kab sib nrug ntawm vuam muaj qhov tseem ceeb theoretical tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam. Daim ntawv no siv siab -kev yees duab ceev ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam los txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab sib nrug ntawm cov xaim xaim thiab qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov pas dej molten ntws, thiab sib txuas cov lej simulation los tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem tsim ntawm vuam tsis xws luag. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua tiav zoo -tsim welds yam tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb vuam tsis xws luag. Thaum cov kab sib nrug ze dhau lawm, qhov sib txuas ntau dhau ntawm lub laser thiab lub arc ua rau tsis ruaj khov hloov pauv thiab cov pas dej molten, uas ua rau cov vuam tsis xws li spatter thiab undercut. Thaum cov kab sib nrug loj dhau lawm, qhov sib txuas ntawm ob qhov chaw tshav kub tsis muaj zog, qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov vuam yuav txo qis, thiab qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
03 Graphic Analysis:
Los ntawm cov dluab ntawm weld nto morphology thiab ntoo khaub lig-sectional morphology nyob rau hauv txawv laser beam spacings (Daim duab 1), nws yuav pom tau hais tias cov weld nto tsim txawv heev nrog txawv laser beam spacings, thaum tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional morphology ntawm welds nyob rau hauv txawv spacings yog zoo sib xws, tag nrho cov tshwm sim goblet{3}. Thaum lub laser beam sib nrug yog 4 hli, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb vuam qhov tsis xws luag, thiab qhov vuam tsim yog qhov zoo.
Raws li pom tau los ntawm daim duab 2, raws li qhov sib nrug ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag maj mam nce los ntawm 0 hli mus rau 8 hli, qhov zaus ntawm luv luv - kev hloov pauv hauv lub voj voog ua ntej txo qis thiab tom qab ntawd nce.
Raws li tau pom los ntawm daim duab 3, thaum siv cov ntshiab MAG welding, nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau txoj kev hloov hom, cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub dav hlau kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub ncua sij hawm kab ntawm cov hlau taub. Thaum laser ntxiv rau hybrid welding, lub deflection lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub dav hlau hloov pauv loj heev.
Los ntawm daim ntawv txheeb cais hauv daim duab 5, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov zaus ntawm luv luv -circuit hloov pauv pib txo qis thiab tom qab ntawd nce. Qhov loj ntawm lub dav hlau hloov pauv deflection lub kaum sab xis maj mam txo qis vim qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov fibers optical nce ntawm 0 hli mus rau 4 hli. Thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm fiber ntau ntxiv mus rau 6-8 hli, cov nyhuv ntawm lub laser ntawm lub dav hlau hloov pauv deflection lub kaum sab xis maj mam ploj mus.
Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 6, ib feem ntawm qhov tsis xws luag tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis ruaj tsis khov luv luv - kev hloov pauv hauv lub voj voog. Ntawm T+5.9 ms, tus choj hlau molten tau dhau los ua 'necking rupture' tshwm sim, ua rau ntau qhov zoo.
Raws li pom tau los ntawm daim duab 7, vim yog cov hlau vapor quab yuam hauv lub qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, nyob rau tom qab txoj haujlwm ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb, cov hlau molten nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub pas dej weld ntws sai heev thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub pas dej ua ke, ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag.
Los ntawm cov lej simulation tshwm sim hauv daim duab 8, nws tuaj yeem pom tias nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub laser thiab lub arc, qhov kub ntawm cov hlau molten nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub pas dej molten yog siab dua thiab tus nqi ntws nrawm dua. Qhov no ua rau cov hlau molten mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub pas dej. Raws li cov weld txias, cov hlau molten ntawm ob sab txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv nruab nrab thaj tsam raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm Marangoni quab yuam, uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm ob sab ntawm lub vuam.
Raws li tau pom los ntawm daim duab 9, thaum qhov sib nrug ntawm cov filaments loj dhau, cov nyhuv arc preheating tsis muaj zog, cov nyhuv laser cua sov ntawm qhov qis ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb yog txo, thiab qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub qhov deteriorates. Vim tias lub zog tsis txaus raug xa mus rau hauv qab ntawm qhov vuam, qhov qis dua ib nrab ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsis ruaj khov thiab tsis tuaj yeem qhib tsis tu ncua, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov npuas npuas kom dim, thaum kawg ua rau cov porosity tsis xws luag.
03 Cov ntsiab lus thiab Outlook
Daim ntawv no siv lub siab -lub zog laser-MAG hybrid vuam ntawm 12 hli tuab AH36 steel los kawm txog kev tsim cov vuam, kev hloov pauv, thiab cov cwj pwm ntawm lub pas dej molten. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm laser xaim sib nrug ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov vuam tsis zoo yog tham txog. Lub ntsiab lus xaus yog raws li nram no: (1) Thaum lub zog laser yog 9.5 kW, hlau pub ceev yog 10 m / min, vuam ceev yog 1.8 m / min, thiab laser hlau sib nrug yog 4 hli, qhov zoo tshaj plaws weld tsim tau tiav, nrog ib tug weld reinforcement ntawm 0.28 hli thiab ib tug weld dav ntawm 5.02 hli, nyob rau hauv xws li poross, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. qhov sib nrug cuam tshuam rau daim ntawv hloov pauv hloov pauv (dav hlau + luv luv-circuit hloov). Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm laser xaim nce, qhov zaus ntawm luv luv - kev hloov pauv ntawm lub voj voog ua ntej txo qis thiab tom qab ntawd nce. Thaum lub laser xaim sib nrug yog 0, 2, 4, 6, thiab 8 hli, qhov zaus ntawm luv luv - kev hloov pauv yog 161 Hz, 124 Hz, 95 Hz, 116 Hz, thiab 138 Hz, feem. Lub deflection lub kaum sab xis ntawm dav hlau kev hloov pauv txo qis nrog kev nce hlau sib nrug. Thaum cov hlau sib nrug ntau dua 6 hli, lub kaum sab xis deflection tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hlau sib txuas ntxiv lawm, ua raws li MAG vuam ib leeg. Luv luv-kev hloov pauv ntawm lub voj voog ua rau lub caj dab thiab tawg ntawm cov kua hlau txuas txuas, ua rau ntau qhov me me me me, uas cuam tshuam ntxiv los ntawm cov hlau vapor tawm ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb, ua rau tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pas dej molten raug cuam tshuam los ntawm vapor plume thiab cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov, ua rau muaj kev nce hauv qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm cov hlau molten nyob rau sab nraub qaum. Thaum cov hlau molten ntws diagonally upwards ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm 0.3 m / s, ib feem ntawm cov hlau molten cais los ntawm lub pas dej ua ke, tsim spatter. Cov hlau molten nyob rau hauv cov pa roj-muab qhov chaw thiab ib ncig ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb tsis tu ncua ntws rov qab, ua rau lub rear sab ntawm lub pas dej ua ke. Raws li lub weld cheeb tsam maj mam solidifies, nyob rau hauv lub Marangoni quab yuam, cov hlau molten nyob rau hauv lub txias txias sab ntawm lub weld ntws mus rau qhov chaw kub, tawm hauv cov hlau tsis txaus ntawm cov ntiv taw weld thiab ua rau undercut tsis xws luag. Cov nyhuv coupling ntawm lub laser thiab arc yog qhov tsis muaj zog, ua rau lub laser thiab arc molten pas dej ua ke yuav luag sib cais, txo lub zog xa mus rau hauv qab ntawm qhov vuam. Qhov no txo qis kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov npuas kom dim ntawm lub pas dej ua ke, thaum kawg tsim cov porosity tsis xws luag raws li cov weld txias thiab solidifies.
