01 Taw Qhia
Hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom loj xws li siab - tsheb ciav hlau ceev, nkoj tsim, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov phaj tuab tuab yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj kev txwv hauv kev ua haujlwm raug, kev sib dhos tsis raug, thiab thermal deformation thaum lub sijhawm vuam, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov vuam feem ntau hloov. Thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm daim hlau me me, qhov nkag tsis tiav lossis cov hauv paus ripples yuav tshwm sim, qhov sib txawv loj yuav ua rau weld vau. Kev tshawb fawb tam sim no feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv tsis tu ncua, thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev vuam nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv yog qhov tsis muaj. Tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv laser-arc hybrid vuam, ua tiav ob qho tib si ripple supple nyob rau hauv me me qhov khoob thiab zoo bridging muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv loj qhov sib txawv tseem yog ib qho nyuaj rau engineering daim ntaub ntawv. Txoj kev tshawb no tsom mus rau 12 hli-thick weathering steel, aiming to clarify the weld formation and defect suppression mechanisms while oscillating laser-arc hybrid welding under variable gap conditions, muab theoretical and process support for thick plate welding with variable vaps, and promoting the more industrial application and sawdust of theoretical-oscillhybrid technology.
02 Phau Ntawv Qhia Tag Nrho
Txoj kev tshawb no hais txog cov kev cov nyom ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab tsis muaj peev xwm bridging nyob rau hauv tuab steel phaj kuj sib txawv -gap laser-arc hybrid vuam thiab systematically tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem uas oscillating lasers cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem vuam. Cov khoom siv hauv paus sim yog 12 hli tuab S355J2W weathering steel. Lub tshuab hybrid vuam tau tsim los siv TruDisk -10002 fiber ntau laser (qhov siab tshaj plaws lub zog 10 kW, wavelength 1070 nm) ua ke nrog cov khoom siv vuam arc, nrog rau qhov sib txawv sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (0 - 3 hli) teeb raws tag nrho cov weld seam rau simulate{1 ntau lawm. Thaum txoj kev tshawb no, lub zog laser (6.5 kW), vuam ceev (16 mm / s), thiab xaim pub ceev (10 m / min) tau khaws cia tas mus li, nrog laser oscillation tsis (amplitude, zaus) raws li cov tub ntxhais tswj kev hloov pauv hauv qhov kev sim. Siab-Kev yees duab ceev tau siv los synchronously sau cov cwj pwm ntawm lub pas dej ua ke thiab arc morphology ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm cov welding. Tsis tas li ntawd, PIVlab toolbox hauv MATLAB tau ua haujlwm los ua cross-kev txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov duab nrawm nrawm ntawm lub pas dej molten, quantitatively extracting the liquid metal velocity field and vorticity field during the formation of humps. Txoj kev no hloov cov ntaub ntawv pom kev pom mus rau hauv qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog (ceev, vorticity), muab cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev nthuav tawm cov txheej txheem ntawm hump tsim. Hais txog kev tsom xam ntawm arc morphology, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm oscillating laser ntawm arc cwj pwm los ntawm kev suav cov qauv sib txawv ntawm lub arc deflection lub kaum ntse ntse. Thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv oscillation tsis ntawm 1.5 hli amplitude thiab 200 Hz zaus, zoo weld tsim yam tsis muaj humps los yog vau tau tiav nyob rau hauv ib tug sib txawv qhov txawv ntawm 0-2.5 hli. Kev tsom xam pom tau hais tias qhov kaw ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb ua rau lub hauv paus hump tsim, thaum lub laser oscillating zoo suppresses hump tsim los ntawm stabilizing lub keyhole, txhim kho lub pas dej molten fluidity, thiab nce qhov nro ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ntawm lub pas dej molten.
Daim duab 03 qhia txog kev sib piv ncaj qha ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov sib txawv oscillation parameters ntawm kev tsim cov sib txawv -gap welds. Yog tsis muaj laser oscillation, lub hauv paus hump tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv me me (1 mm), thiab raws li qhov sib txawv nce, nto ntog tshwm sim, qhia tias tsis zoo qhov sib txawv. Hloov cov laser oscillation tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho pem hauv ntej- sab tsim, tab sis sab nraub qaum tseem muaj cov humps lossis cov vuam yuav nqaim dua. Qhov kawg tsis yog amplitude ntawm 1.5 hli thiab zaus ntawm 200 Hz. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho qhov sib txawv- qhov sib txawv, cov welds zoo heev yam tsis muaj humps los yog lub cev qhuav dej tau ua tiav ntawm ob sab, qhia lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua oscillation tsis.
Daim duab 1. Weld tsim nyob rau hauv txawv vuam tsis. Qhov dav ntawm qhov vuam txawv ntawm 0 hli mus rau 3 hli raws li qhov kev taw qhia vuam: (a) Tsis muaj oscillation; (b) Oscillation amplitude 1 hli, zaus 100 Hz; (c) Oscillation amplitude 1.5 hli, zaus 100 Hz; (d) Oscillation amplitude 1.5 hli, zaus 200 Hz.
Daim duab 2 qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, tsis muaj oscillation, lub arc deflects irregularly mus rau sab laug thiab sab xis, whereas nrog ib tug oscillating laser, lub arc tseem nyob ruaj khov, nrog ib tug tag nrho thiab ruaj khov zoo, tsis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb lateral deflection. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob uas tsis muaj ib tug oscillating laser, qhov loj qhov sib txawv nws tus kheej yog lub hauv paus ua rau arc puab instability. Lub arc nyiam mus nrhiav txoj hauv kev ze tshaj plaws (piv txwv li, sab phab ntsa ntawm qhov zawj), ua rau muaj cua sov tsis sib xws. Kev taw qhia ntawm lub laser oscillating, tsis hais seb qhov tsis zoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub lateral deflection ntawm lub arc thiab ua kom nws ruaj khov nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub weld.
Daim duab 2. Weld morphology ntawm qhov sib txawv vuam ceev: (a) 1.5 m/min (b) 1.8 m/min (c) 2.1 m/min.
Daim duab 3 ntsuas qhov℃ntawm arc deflection. Yog tsis muaj laser oscillation, tus qauv sib txawv ntawm lub deflection lub kaum sab xis yog 23.6 degree, qhia tau hais tias loj arc fluctuation; Tom qab siv oscillating laser, tus qauv sib txawv poob mus rau 3.5 degree, nrog stability kev txhim kho los ntawm 85.2%. Qhov no muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tias 'oscillating laser tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov ntawm arc.'
Daim duab 3. Kev ntsuas ntawm arc deflection kaum rau lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug 2.5 hli sib txawv: (a) Schematic daim duab ntawm arc deflection kaum; (b) Degree ntawm arc deflection nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv. Qhov txawv ntawm 1 thiab 2 sawv cev rau qib ntawm arc deflection.
Daim duab 4 qhia tau hais tias thaum lub sij hawm welding txheej txheem, molten hlau ntws mus rau lub keyhole nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nthwv dej, ua rau lub keyhole fluctuate hnyav thiab vau. Laser oscillation tuaj yeem txhim kho thermal convection hauv lub pas dej molten, tsim cov vortices ze ntawm qhov keyhole. Molten hlau ntws los ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub qhov tseem ceeb mus rau nws tus Tsov tus tw, cushioning qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov tee dej thiab ua kom lub qhov tseem ceeb qhib. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias oscillating lasers muaj peev xwm stabilize lub vuam txheej txheem los ntawm altering lub ntws teb ntawm lub molten pas dej ua ke.
Daim duab 4. Melt pas dej ua ke ntws los ntawm lub sij hawm T0 mus rau T0 + 2.7 ms nyob rau hauv zero gap tej yam kev mob: (a) Tsis muaj laser oscillation; (b) Amplitude 1 hli, zaus 100 Hz; (c) Amplitude 1.5 hli, zaus 200 Hz. Cov xub daj thiab ntsuab qhia cov vortices generated los ntawm oscillating laser thiab ntws kev taw qhia ntawm cov hlau molten, feem; cov kab dawb thiab txiv kab ntxwv qhia qhov keyhole thiab molten droplets, feem.
Daim duab 5 qhia txog tus cwj pwm dynamic ntawm cov hlau molten nyob rau hauv lub pas dej weld nyob rau hauv uas tsis yog -optimized oscillation tsis (amplitude 1 mm, zaus 100 Hz) raws li lub hauv paus hump yog tsim, ua rau kev kawm ntawm vuam tsis xws luag los ntawm macroscopic morphological kev soj ntsuam tshiab. Lub nrawm vector faib qhia cov kev taw qhia thiab qhov loj ntawm cov hlau molten nyob rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke, thaum lub sij hawm tshaj tawm intuitively qhia qhov spatial faib ntawm khiav ceev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig siab vorticity muaj nyob hauv thaj av hump tsim, qhia tias muaj zog rotational lossis shear flow ntawm cov kua muaj. Cov qauv kev hloov pauv no txhawb nqa qhov sib txuam thiab kev loj hlob tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov hlau molten, uas yog ib qho kev khiav dej num ntawm cov hump tsim.
Daim duab 5. Particle duab velocimetry tau tshwm sim ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv thaum lub hauv paus hump tsim: (a) tshaj tawm vector faib; (b) ceev kev faib teb; (c) vorticity field distribution. Cov kab daj thiab dawb dashed kab qhia qhov contour ntawm hump.
04 Cov ntsiab lus: Txoj kev tshawb no hais txog cov teeb meem kev lag luam ntawm cov hauv paus humps thiab qhov sib txawv tsis txaus -bridging muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv tuab phaj sib txawv -gap laser- arc hybrid vuam. Los ntawm kev sim ua kom zoo ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem kuaj mob siab tshaj xws li siab - kev ntsuas nrawm thiab cov duab particle velocimetry, qhov tsis xws luag ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm oscillating laser tau tshwm sim. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua kom zoo dua oscillation tsis, lub laser, los ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab stabilizing lub keyhole, ho txhim khu lub arc conductive channel, txo cov℃ntawm arc deflection los ntawm 85.2%, yog li stabilizing arc cwj pwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub laser oscillating hloov pauv cov dej ntws hauv pas dej ua ke, tsim cov vortex ruaj khov thiab tswj qhov qhib qhov qhib, thaum kawg ua tiav siab - zoo welds tsis muaj humps thiab vau nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 0-2.5 hli. Txoj kev tshawb no tsis tsuas yog ua kom nkag siab txog kev nkag siab ntawm kev siv vuam tsis zoo thiab kev tsim cov txheej txheem los ntawm cov dej dynamics foundations tab sis kuj muab cov txheej txheem txhim khu kev qha thiab theoretical hauv paus rau kev daws qhov sib txawv - qhov sib txawv vuam cov nyom hauv kev tsim khoom loj, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa daim ntawv thov ntawm laser-arc hybrid engineering project loj.
