Thawj puag ncig ntawm AI daim ntawv thov twb tuaj txog hauv kev ua cov ntaub ntawv laser. Ib puag ncig thib ob yuav ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm tshuab kev kawm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: AI muag.
ANDREAS THOS, koom nrog Editor
Txog tam sim no, AI tau ua tiav zoo heev raws li nws lub peev xwm los ua cov ntaub ntawv loj. Kev tshuaj xyuas zillions ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, piv txwv li, coj mus rau kev txhim kho cov qauv lus loj uas peb sib txuas lus zoo li lawv yog tib neeg. Qhov no tau cog lus txij li thaum ntxov ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv computer, nrog rau lub ntsiab lus hauv ntau phau ntawv keeb kwm science. Nws tau ua tiav tsis ntev los no xwb.
Lub koom haum Fraunhofer rau Laser Technology ILT, Aachen, Lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Hauv kev lag luam, AI tau ua tiav ntau qhov xav tsis thoob thiab tsis ntev los no tau dhau los ua qhov nrawm dua.
AI hauv kev lag luam
Kev siv AI hauv kev lag luam deb tshaj li kev ua cov lus (txawm hais tias AI cov neeg ua haujlwm yeej kov yeej cov neeg muag khoom lub vev xaib, ib yam nkaus). Ua ntej, lawv pab automate ntau yam duab ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, tus tsim lub tshuab German TRUMPF, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb AI hom rau nws cov duab ua software. Rau cov plaub hau vuam hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob, AI pab txheeb xyuas cov neeg koom tes vuam (xws li hairpins) thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim vim qhov sib txawv, kev xav, lossis duab ntxoov ntxoo hauv daim duab. Raws li TRUMPF, qhov kev daws teeb meem tau nce qhov "thawj- kis tawm" los ntawm 99.2% mus rau 99.8%. Qhov no sib npaug rau 4 × tsawg dua "tsis zoo" qhov chaw.
Tab sis qhov no yog qhov pib xwb. Yav tom ntej, AI yuav siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom ua ntej, thaum, thiab tom qab ua tiav. Nws lub peev xwm los ua cov ntaub ntawv loj loj yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog raws sijhawm txij li ob peb lub caij nyoog ua rau ntau thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsim hauv kev lag luam.
Ib qho piv txwv zoo li no yog kev tswj kom zoo. Cov tuam txhab tsheb, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem thaij duab txhua qhov vuam seam thiab taug qab cov teeb meem ua haujlwm ntev rau kev tsim khoom. AI tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm "zoo" thiab "phem" weld seams raws li cov duab uas tau sau thaum tsim khoom. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib qho inline, lossis post- txheej txheem, txheej txheem uas tsim cov ntaub ntawv thoob plaws txhua qhov kev tsim khoom tseem ceeb. Tau kawg, nws siv rau ntau tshaj li kev tsim tsheb.
Ib qho kev sib tw thib ob yog cuam tshuam nrog cov ntxaib digital. Ua tiav cov tshuab lossis cov chaw tsim khoom yog simulated hauv lub ntiaj teb digital, qhov twg cov txheej txheem vuam nws tus kheej yog simulated hauv computer. Cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag pab txhim kho cov qauv zoo li no, txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv tsim yog qhov tseem ceeb hluavtaws.
Ob txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm AI. Hauv kev tswj kom zoo, kev kawm tshuab (ML) yog siv los cais qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Lub tshuab kawm paub qhov tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb, thiab tus neeg teb xov tooj lossis tus programmer teeb tsa qhov pib rau kev ceeb toom lossis rau thaum lub tshuab yuav tsum nres.
Kev siv AI hauv kev tshaj tawm - cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas kuj tau tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab German Scansonic MI siv AI los txheeb xyuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm weld seams hauv cov duab. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav txiav txim siab seb "siv hauv- txheej txheem" kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem siv rau kev kaw- txoj kev tswj lub voj voog. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua cov duab, qhov no yuav suav nrog spectral sensors, laser triangulation rau 3D imaging, los yog optical coherence tomography rau weld-debth diagnostics.
Vuam yog ib qho piv txwv muaj zog, tab sis nws tsuas yog ib qho xwb. Cov thev naus laus zis zoo li no tuaj yeem (thiab yuav) siv txhua qhov chaw uas siv cov ntaub ntawv loj txaus kom pom tseeb qhov peev.
AI nyob rau hauv kev tswj kom zoo yog feem ntau siv rau cov qauv paub txog cov txheej txheem ua tiav. Txhawm rau kaw lub voj tswj, AI xav tau kev paub txog cov txheej txheem txij thaum pib. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb siv cov txheej txheem simulation (s) pub nrog ntau cov txheej txheem tsis tau. Ntawm no, AI muaj peev xwm ntau dua - nws tuaj yeem txuas cov tswv yim thiab cov khoom tso tawm. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Central Laser Facility ntawm Science thiab Technology Facilities Council's Rutherford Appleton Laboratory hauv tebchaws Askiv, piv txwv li, tau siv AI los ua kom zoo dua lub tshuab laser rau plasma acceleration.1. Muaj ntau lub pob khawm tig, thiab cov txheej txheem laser plasma yog qhov tsis zoo. AI tau pab cov kws tshawb fawb kom ruaj khov rau lub cev thiab tsim kom muaj lub plasma channel rau electron acceleration.
Siv rau kev lag luam, AI-raws li txheej txheem simulation tuaj yeem tso cai kaw lub voj rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem. AI paub lub pob qhov twg tig los coj cov khoom zoo rov qab los rau spec. Nws tuaj yeem kawm tau los ntawm kev sim ua txhua yam ntawm cov pob qhov rooj thiab tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw thaj chaw. Zoo-cov qauv paub muaj nyob los daws cov haujlwm no.
Tab sis kev sim txhua qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem yog lub sijhawm - thiab lub zog - siv. Cov lus nug nthuav dav ntawm lub ntsiab lus no hais txog kev paub ua ntej: Kev kawm AI sai npaum li cas yog tias tus qauv pub rau tib neeg twb paub txog cov txheej txheem?
AI tiam sis hauv kev lag luam photonics
Thaum Lub Kaum Hli . 2 thiab 3, 2025, lub koom haum German kev lag luam SPECTARIS - txhawb nqa los ntawm Fraunhofer lub koom haum rau Laser Technology ILT (Fraunhofer ILT) thiab Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Koom Haum BITMi - tau ua kev cob qhia ntawm AI hauv photonics. Cov neeg tuaj koom los ntawm cov tsev kawm tshawb fawb, suav nrog Fraunhofer ILT nws tus kheej, thiab ntau lub tsev kawm qib siab, tab sis feem ntau yog los ntawm kev lag luam, nrog cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm Microsoft, ZEISS, TRUMPF, Audi, Precitec Vision, Bystronic, Blackbird Robotersysteme, 4D Photonics GmbH, thiab ntau dua. Thaum qee qhov ntawm 27 qhov kev nthuav qhia tau tham txog AI hauv kev tsim kho qhov muag, lub rooj cob qhia feem ntau tsom rau AI kev siv hauv kev lag luam laser tshuab.
AI pab tuaj yeem pab cov tswv lag luam laser kom pom qhov kev qhia zoo hauv kev paub loj lossis txhim kho txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm hauv laser txiav. Ntau qhov nthuav yog li cas AI txhawb kev txiav txim siab nyuaj, piv txwv li, hauv kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm laser vuam lossis laser additive manufacturing txheej txheem. Carlo Holly, tus thawj coj ntawm Technology of Optical Systems ntawm RWTH Aachen University thiab lub taub hau ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm Fraunhofer ILT, tau sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv nws qhov kev nthuav qhia plenary: "Peb tab tom hloov los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv-raws li AI mus rau cov ntaub ntawv- thiab physics- qhia AI."
Holly piav qhov no nrog ib qho piv txwv los ntawm nws qhov kev tshawb fawb. Ib pab neeg ntawm Fraunhofer ILT yav dhau los tau tsim cov txheej txheem rau siab -cov khoom siv laser ceev ceev (EHLA, lossis siab heev- ceev cov khoom siv laser deposition). Ntau tshaj 100 qhov tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau txheej txheej zoo hauv cov txheej txheem no. Yog li, hloov cov txheej txheem mus rau lwm yam khoom siv feem ntau siv ob xyoos nrog 1500 qhov kev sim thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam. Siv tus qauv surrogate ntawm tus txheej txheem thiab ib tug (Bayesian) AI optimization qauv, Holly pab neeg txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas loj: Tsuas yog 17 qhov kev sim xav tau los nrhiav cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws.2.
Tau kawg, nrhiav cov qauv tsim nyog thiab cov tswv yim yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua. Kev txhawb nqa, kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tau qhia tias lub sijhawm rau kev ua kom zoo dua qub tau txo qis rau feeb ntau dua li lub hlis. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, automated txheej txheem optimization yog cov kauj ruam tom ntej mus rau kaw - voj txheej txheem tswj.
ML nrog 10 × tsawg annotated cov ntaub ntawv
Thaum cov txheej txheem optimization tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev paub dhau los, ML yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Holly tau qhia qhov tseeb tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm SPECTARIS rhiav nrog lub tswv yim ntawm annotation- dawb ML. Nws cov npoj yaig, Julius Neuß, tom qab ntawd tau qhia tias qhov no zoo li cas hauv kev tswj xyuas cov txheej txheem vuam, raws li kev sim siv laser vuam ntawm txhuas roj teeb vaj tsev.
Raws li qhov pib taw qhia, Neuß piv txoj hauv kev tshiab nrog kev saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm classic. Hauv kev teeb tsa kev saib xyuas, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum sau tseg txhua feem ntawm cov vuam seam manually: xaim txoj hauj lwm, yaj lub pas dej, hlaws geometry, pores, thiab spatters (Daim duab 1). Txawm tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv me me, qhov no sai sai ua haujlwm- hnyav heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, AI tsuas yog kawm txog yam uas tau sau meej meej, thiab nws txoj kev muaj zog tsuas yog txwv ob qho tib si los ntawm ntau haiv neeg thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg.
