01 Daim Ntawv Taw Qhia:
Austenitic stainless hlau yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov teb tseem ceeb xws li nuclear fais fab, nkoj tsim, thiab cov hlab ntsha siab vim nws cov khoom zoo heev thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Rau kev tsim cov tuab- phaj cov khoom siv hauv cov teb no, siab - zog- laser vuam muaj qhov zoo dua li cov khoom siv arc vuam, xws li cov cua kub qis thiab cov vuam ceev, uas yuav pab txhim kho kev sib koom tes. Txawm li cas los xij, ib txwm siv laser hlau vuam ntsib teeb meem loj thaum siv rau tuab - phaj nqaim- qhov sib txawv vuam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kom ua tiav qhov tob tob, cov txheej txheem vuam feem ntau siv hom "keyhole", tab sis qhov sib sib zog nqus thiab nqaim qhov tseem ceeb no tsis ruaj tsis khov, nws yooj yim rau kev tawg thiab roj nkag, ua rau muaj ntau qhov porosity tsis xws luag hauv qhov vuam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, thaum siv hom "heat conduction" ruaj khov tuaj yeem txo qhov porosity, nws qhov nkag mus tob tob tob, ua rau cov vuam tsis zoo thiab yuav tsum tau siv vuam ntau dhau los ua kom tiav tuab - phaj vuam. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau kom cov cua kub nkag thiab cov kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv seem tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj fusion ntawm qhov zawj sidewalls vim muaj zog laser. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li porosity thiab tsis muaj fusion thaum ua kom ruaj khov vuam yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm tuab - phaj laser vuam. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem saum toj no, laser beam oscillation thev naus laus zis, raws li kev tswj hwm lub zog siab, qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm zoo. Los ntawm kev ua kom lub laser beam oscillate ntawm lub siab zaus raws li txoj kev vuam, kev faib ntawm lub zog laser tuaj yeem tswj tau, thiab cov kua dej dynamics tus cwj pwm ntawm lub pas dej molten tuaj yeem txhim kho, yog li cuam tshuam zoo rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam thiab vuam tsim.
02 Daim Ntawv Qhia Tag Nrho:
This study intuitively demonstrates the significant effects of oscillation technology: with the introduction of oscillation frequency and amplitude, the dense pores commonly found in traditional methods are effectively suppressed, even to the point of complete elimination. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no mus deb dhau qhov no; nws lub ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv - qhov tob tshwm sim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub cev mechanisms los ntawm cov txheej txheem siab heev xws li siab - kev yees duab ceev. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias oscillation thev naus laus zis hloov kho cov txheej txheem vuam hauv ob txoj hauv kev. Ua ntej, nws hloov pauv qhov tob tob, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv "keyhole" mus rau qhov dav dua, ruaj khov dua, thiab ntev dua - channel molten. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov npuas tsim ntawm qhov chaw tab sis, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, muab cov kev khiav tawm txaus txaus rau cov npuas uas twb tau tsim lawm. Thib ob, siab - zaus oscillation induces ib tug muaj zog vortex stirring nyhuv nyob rau hauv lub molten pas dej ua ke. Qhov kev ua kom nplawm no, ntawm ib sab, sib npaug faib cov cua sov mus rau qhov zawj sidewalls, daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis tiav fusion; Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws ua zoo li tus stirrer, nquag agitating lub molten pas dej ua ke, pab npuas detach los ntawm solidification pem hauv ntej thiab accelerating lawv expulsion. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pas dej muaj zog molten no optimizes microstructure ntawm weld seam, cuam tshuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm coarse columnar nplej thiab txhawb cov nplej refinement, nteg lub hauv paus rau kev ua tiav cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum kawg, kev npaj ua tiav ntawm 40 mm tuab tsis xws luag- cov pob qij txha welded pub dawb, ua pov thawj los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo - ua kom puas tsuaj, ua kom pom tseeb tias lub voj kaw tag nrho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no los ntawm kev xav mus rau kev xyaum, muab cov kev qhia tseem ceeb thiab cov txheej txheem daws teeb meem rau engineering daim ntawv thov ntawm tuab phaj laser vuam.
03 Cov duab thiab cov ntawv txheeb xyuas
Daim duab 1 qhia meej meej txog kev sim kev teeb tsa siv hauv txoj kev tshawb no, uas yog daim duab kos duab ntawm qhov nqaim -gap laser oscillating hlau- pub vuam txoj cai. Ob peb lub hauv paus tseem ceeb tau piav qhia meej: lub siab - lub zog laser lub taub hau irradiates vertically downwards, nrog nws cov nqaj laser tsom rau ntawm cov phaj tuab tuab nrog qhov nqaim - qhov sib txawv; ib tug hlau pub mechanism precisely pub cov vuam hlau los ntawm sab thiab pem hauv ntej mus rau hauv kev sib cuam tshuam cheeb tsam ntawm lub laser beam thiab lub molten pas dej ua ke, muab muab tub lim hlau rau lub weld; Tib lub sijhawm, cov roj tiv thaiv lub taub hau coaxially los yog tom qab tshuab tawm cov roj inert los tiv thaiv cov hlau molten los ntawm oxidizing ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Lub voj voog loj schematic vividly qhia tau hais tias lub laser qhov chaw, thaum tsiv raws qhov vuam kev taw qhia, kuj tseem ua rau siab - zaus lub sij hawm txav raws li qhov preset trajectory hauv X-Y dav hlau.
Daim duab 2,
los ntawm tsis yog-kev puas tsuaj X- cov duab hluav taws xob soj ntsuam, pom pom lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab ntawm laser beam oscillation hauv kev txo cov porosity tsis xws luag. Daim duab no feem ntau muaj ntau qhov sib txuas X- cov duab hluav taws xob, piv rau qhov zoo ntawm cov welds nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv vuam. Lub hauv paus qauv ntawm sab laug (tsis muaj oscillation) qhia tau hais tias ib tug weld seam uas muaj ntau ntom ntom. Cov pob dub no qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov tsoos sib sib zog nqus sib sib zog nqus vuam hom, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov pa roj raug ntes thiab ntes los ntawm cov hlau solidifying sai, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj. Cov duab ntawm sab xis, txawm li cas los xij, qhia cov txiaj ntsig tom qab siv qhov sib txawv oscillation tsis. Peb tuaj yeem pom tseeb tias thaum lub oscillation amplitude nce, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pores nyob rau hauv weld seam txo qis, thiab lawv cov kev faib ua sparser. Thaum cov kev ntsuas oscillation yog optimized rau ib tug tshwj xeeb tus nqi, lub porosity tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv lub weld seam yuav luag tag nrho tshem tawm, uas ua rau ib tug ntom thiab huv si weld seam. Qhov xaus yog tias laser beam oscillation yog ib qho zoo heev txhais tau tias ntawm suppressing porosity defects nyob rau hauv tuab - phaj nqaim -gap laser vuam. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias los ntawm rationally tswj lub zog faib, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv paus, muab txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav siab - vuam zoo.
Daim duab 3 siv lub siab - lub koob yees duab ceev ceev los ntes thiab sib piv cov cwj pwm dynamic ntawm "keyhole" ntawm lub pas dej molten thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem. Daim duab no feem ntau suav nrog ob pawg ntawm cov duab sib txuas lossis cov duab thaij duab. Raws li tsis yog - oscillating tej yam kev mob, cov duab qhia tau hais tias lub qhov qhib qhov qhib yog nqaim heev thiab nws cov morphology tsis ruaj tsis khov, nthuav tawm qhov kev hloov pauv hnyav, nquag contractions, thiab tawg. Qhov kev coj cwj pwm tsis ruaj khov no yog qhov ua rau cov hlau molten turbulence, entrainment ntawm shielding gas, thiab npuas tsim. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tom qab siv optimized oscillation tsis, lub keyhole morphology hloov nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus: nws qhib yuav ho wider thiab rounder, thiab nws tuav ib tug kuj ruaj khov daim ntawv nyob rau hauv lub vuam txheej txheem, nrog ib tug zoo heev ncua lifespan.
Daim duab 4 qhia txog qhov kawg tshwm sim ntawm pob tw vuam 40 hli tuab stainless hlau phaj siv cov txheej txheem laser oscillating welding zoo. Cov duab no yog tus ntoo khaub lig macroscopic-sectional metallographic duab ntawm polished thiab etched weld seam, tag nrho tso saib tag nrho cheeb tsam sib koom los ntawm hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj. Daim duab qhia tau hais tias cov weld seam, tsim los ntawm kaum ob txheej ntawm cov hlaws hlaws, ua tiav kev sib txuas zoo nrog cov hlau hauv ob sab, tsis muaj qhov pom kev tsis xws luag xws li tsis muaj fusion, slag inclusions, lossis tawg. Txhua weld hlaws txheej yog sib xws thiab ntom, nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, ua ke nrog X-ray soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig, nws ua pov thawj tias tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li qhov pores nyob rau hauv weld seam thoob plaws nws cov thickness. Qhov no ua tiav qhov tseeb tias laser beam oscillation thev naus laus zis tsis yog tsuas yog ua tau zoo hauv ib qho -thov vuam tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav rau ntau- txheej, ntau- hla vuam ntawm cov phaj tuab nrog cov kev xav tau heev. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov thev naus laus zis muaj lub qhov rais txheej txheem ruaj khov thiab rov ua tau zoo, muaj peev xwm los daws cov teeb meem loj hauv engineering, thiab cim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb hauv chaw soj ntsuam kom ua tau zoo thiab siab - zoo tuab phaj vuam tov.
04 Xaus:
Daim ntawv no tau piav qhia thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm laser beam oscillation thev naus laus zis hauv kev daws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb (porosity thiab tsis muaj fusion) hauv nqaim -gap hlau- pub vuam ntawm 40mm tuab 316L stainless hlau. Tau ntsib cov teeb meem ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus sib sib zog nqus vuam, uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov porosity tseem ceeb vim qhov tsis ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj fusion tshwm sim los ntawm lub zog muaj zog, qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau hais tias kev qhia siab - zaus ncig oscillation ntawm lub laser beam tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov porosity tsis xws luag hauv vuam seam thiab txhim kho vuam zoo. Tus nqi tseem ceeb nyob hauv nws hauv -kev tsom xam qhov tob. Siv lub siab- yees duab ceev, txoj kev tshawb no qhia tau hais tias lub oscillation technology hloov lub vuam hom los ntawm ib tug sib sib zog nqus, tsis ruaj tsis khov keyhole nws yooj yim mus rau hauv ib tug dav, ntiav, ruaj khov, thiab ntev dua - qhib molten pas dej ua ke. Qhov no ruaj khov molten channel hauv paus txo cov pa nkag thiab muab txoj hauv kev khiav txaus thiab lub sijhawm rau cov npuas tsim tshwm sim, yog li ua kom huv lub pas dej molten zoo. Ib txhij, qhov siab - zaus oscillation induces ib tug muaj zog vortex stirring nyhuv nyob rau hauv lub molten pas dej ua ke. Qhov no molten hlau ntws tsis tau tsuas yog faib cov cua kub ntau sib npaug rau qhov zawj sidewalls, hais txog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis muaj fusion, tab sis kuj tseem ua rau lub zog nce siab ntawm cov npuas seem los ntawm kev nplawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw muaj zog txaus no cuam tshuam qhov kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua ntawm coarse columnar nplej thaum lub sij hawm solidification, txhawb kev tsim ntawm equiaxed nplej nyob rau hauv lub weld center cheeb tsam, ua tiav nplej refinement, thiab nteg lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke txhua yam khoom.
