Quantum computers, cov tshuab xam zauv uas ua cov ntaub ntawv siv quantum mechanical teebmeem, tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua cov khoos phis tawj classical ntawm qee cov haujlwm ua haujlwm. Cov khoos phis tawj no tso siab rau qubits, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv quantum, uas tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv ntau lub xeev (0, 1 lossis ob qho tib si ib txhij), vim quantum teebmeem hu ua superposition thiab entanglement.
Ntau lub quantum computers tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tsis ntev los no yog raws li cov pa superconductors, cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ib tug hluav taws xob tsis kam ntawm xoom ntawm tsis tshua muaj kub. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau thiab nthuav tawm superconductivity, circuits raws li cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau txias mus rau millikelvin kub.
Hauv quantum computers, txhua qubit feem ntau xav tau nws txoj kab tswj hwm. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias engineers yuav tsum tau ua kom paub ntau cov xov hlau uas nqa hluav taws xob pulses (piv txwv li, cov kab teeb liab), thiab cov xov hlau tsim nyog yuav nce ntxiv nrog cov qubits. Raws li quantum computers loj tuaj, qhov no tuaj yeem ua teeb meem, vim tias cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nyuaj dua los tsim thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Seeqc Inc., ib lub tuam txhab uas tsim cov tshuab digital quantum, tsis ntev los no tau qhia txog lub tshuab ua haujlwm tshiab quantum uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab nyob rau ntawm millikelvin kub, txawm tias yuav tsum tau xaim tsawg dua. Qhov no processor, qhia nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv luam tawm nyob rau hauvNature Electronics, muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim nyob rau hauv uas qubits thiab lawv tswj electronics yog kev koom ua ke ntawm ob cais tab sis txuas nrog superconducting chips.
"Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm superconducting quantum xam platforms ntsib cov kev sib tw loj heev vim hais tias ib tus neeg lub teeb liab kab yuav tsum tau tswj txhua qubit," sau Caleb Jorda, Jacob Bernhardt thiab lawv cov npoj yaig hauv lawv daim ntawv. "Cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob no yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm qhov qis qis ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tswj hluav taws xob hauv chav tsev kub thiab qubits ua haujlwm ntawm millikelvin kub. Ib qho kev cog lus yog siv cov cryogenic superconducting digital tswj electronics uas koom nrog qubits."
Kev kov yeej qhov kev sib tw thaiv kab
Txhawm rau kov yeej cov teeb meem hauv xov tooj uas tau cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho loj dua - nplai quantum processors, pab pawg tshawb fawb no tau tsim ib qho tshiab multi-chip module. Cov qauv no muaj ob lub chips cais, ib qho hosting qubits thiab lwm yam tswj hluav taws xob.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb siv ib zaug xwb -flux quantum tswj electronics, superconducting digital circuits uas ua rau luv luv thiab meej hluav taws xob pulses ntawm me me quantized magnetic signals. Lub chip hosting cov circuits no tau txuas nrog cov nti uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo siv los siv txoj hauv kev hu ua flip-chip bonding.
Txoj hauv kev no suav nrog muab cov chips ntsej muag - mus rau - lub ntsej muag thiab tom qab ntawd txuas lawv ntawm microscopic hlau pob. Tag nrho cov multi-chip module tsim los ntawm Jorda, Bernhardt thiab lawv cov npoj yaig ua haujlwm hauv kev teeb tsa cryogenic uas tswj nws ntawm millikelvin kub.
"Peb nthuav tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob quantum uas cov qubits thiab ib leeg -flux quantum tswj hluav taws xob tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho multi-chip module ntawm flip-chip bonding," sau ntawv. "Peb lub kaw lus siv digital demultiplexing los faib cov tswj pulses rau ntau qubits, yog li rhuav tshem cov kab sib tw ntawm cov kab tswj kom muaj pes tsawg tus qubits. Nrog rau txoj hauv kev no, peb pom ib qho -qubit fidelities saum 99% thiab mus txog 99.9%.
Ib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev nce qib quantum processors
Cov txheej txheem quantum tsim los ntawm pab pawg tshawb fawb no muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntau lwm cov txheej txheem quantum superconducting tau qhia yav dhau los. Hauv kev sim thawj zaug, nws tau pom tias ua tau zoo heev, tswj kev tswj tau zoo tshaj qubits yam tsis tas yuav muaj kev txuas txuas ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tus qauv tshiab tuaj yeem raug ntsuas los tsim cov quantum processors loj dua uas muaj ntau qubits ntxiv thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm daws teeb meem kev suav ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev qhia txog lwm yam zoo sib xws ntau -chip quantum modules uas ua haujlwm tau ntseeg tau thiab yooj yim dua rau kev nce qib.
